The Eastern Ghats, stretching along the eastern coast of India, are a discontinuous range of mountains that span the states of Odisha, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Tamil Nadu, and parts of Karnataka. Unlike the more continuous and higher Western Ghats, the peaks of the Eastern Ghats are lower in elevation but rich in biodiversity and geological importance. These mountain ranges are ancient, older than the Himalayas, and are home to many isolated hills, river valleys, dense forests, and tribal settlements. The peaks of the Eastern Ghats provide not only natural beauty and adventure opportunities but also critical environmental functions and cultural heritage.
Overview of the Eastern Ghats
The Eastern Ghats are not a single continuous range but a series of hill groups and ridges. They run roughly parallel to the Bay of Bengal and are intersected by major rivers such as the Godavari, Krishna, and Mahanadi. These mountains have been shaped over millions of years through erosion and tectonic activity, resulting in unique landforms, cliffs, and plateaus.
While the elevation of the peaks in the Eastern Ghats is generally lower than that of the Western Ghats, many summits reach impressive heights and are important landmarks in their respective states. These peaks offer scenic views, trekking opportunities, and a glimpse into the rich ecosystems of peninsular India.
Prominent Peaks of the Eastern Ghats
Arma Konda (also known as Jindhagada Peak)
Arma Konda, located in the Eastern Ghats of Andhra Pradesh, is the highest peak in the range. Standing at approximately 1,680 meters (5,511 feet) above sea level, it lies in the Visakhapatnam district within the Araku Valley region. This peak is part of the Galikonda hill range and is surrounded by coffee plantations, tribal villages, and dense forests.
- Height: ~1,680 meters
- Location: Araku Valley, Andhra Pradesh
- Best time to visit: October to March
Arma Konda is relatively less explored, which makes it ideal for adventurous hikers looking for off-the-beaten-path destinations. It is also home to endemic flora and fauna, contributing to the region’s ecological significance.
Galikonda
Galikonda is another significant peak located near Araku Valley, reaching a height of around 1,592 meters (5,223 feet). It is one of the tallest peaks in Andhra Pradesh and a part of the same range that includes Arma Konda. The region around Galikonda is famous for its scenic train routes, coffee gardens, and pleasant weather.
Travelers often visit this peak as part of a tour through the Araku Valley, which is known for its tribal heritage and natural beauty. The train journey to Araku, which passes through tunnels and bridges in the hills, is considered one of the most beautiful rail journeys in India.
Mahendragiri
Mahendragiri, located in the Gajapati district of Odisha, is the second-highest mountain in the Eastern Ghats. It rises to a height of approximately 1,501 meters (4,925 feet). The mountain is steeped in mythology and is believed to be the place where Parashurama, one of the incarnations of Vishnu, performed penance.
- Height: ~1,501 meters
- Location: Odisha
- Significance: Mythological and ecological
The surrounding area is rich in medicinal plants, and the forests around Mahendragiri are part of a biodiversity hotspot. Every year, pilgrims and tourists visit during the Maha Shivaratri festival.
Deomali
Deomali is the highest peak in Odisha, located in the Koraput district. At an elevation of about 1,672 meters (5,486 feet), it is part of the Chandragiri-Pottangi subrange of the Eastern Ghats. The summit offers stunning views of the surrounding valleys, meadows, and forested hills.
- Height: ~1,672 meters
- Location: Koraput, Odisha
- Activities: Trekking, camping, nature photography
Deomali is a favorite destination for adventure seekers and nature lovers. The hill station nearby is being developed by the state tourism department to promote eco-tourism and tribal culture.
Yercaud Hills (Shevaroy Hills)
Located in Tamil Nadu, the Shevaroy Hills are part of the southern Eastern Ghats. The highest peak in this range is Solaikaradu, which reaches around 1,620 meters (5,315 feet). Yercaud, a hill station nestled within the Shevaroy Hills, is a popular tourist destination known for its cooler climate and coffee plantations.
- Height: ~1,620 meters (Solaikaradu)
- Location: Yercaud, Tamil Nadu
- Highlights: Botanical garden, boating, trekking trails
The Shevaroy Hills offer a different flavor of the Eastern Ghats, with a mix of tourism infrastructure and natural landscapes. Yercaud Lake, Lady’s Seat viewpoint, and the Servarayan Temple are key attractions.
Ecological Importance of the Eastern Ghats Peaks
The peaks of the Eastern Ghats play a crucial role in the ecology of southern and eastern India. They are part of an ancient mountain system with unique geological features and a wide variety of ecosystems, including dry deciduous forests, moist tropical forests, and grasslands.
These mountains are home to numerous endemic species of plants and animals, some of which are not found anywhere else in the world. The peaks also form important watersheds for rivers that support agriculture and drinking water needs in the plains.
Biodiversity Hotspots
- Rare and endemic plant species
- Habitat for elephants, leopards, and sloth bears
- Birdwatching opportunities with species like Indian pitta and Malabar whistling thrush
Deforestation, mining, and climate change pose significant threats to the fragile ecosystems of these peaks. Conservation efforts are underway in several regions to protect biodiversity and promote sustainable tourism.
Adventure and Tourism Opportunities
While less commercialized than the Western Ghats, the Eastern Ghats are gaining popularity among trekkers, hikers, and eco-tourists. The relative remoteness of some peaks adds to the sense of adventure and discovery.
Popular Activities
- Trekking to Arma Konda and Galikonda in Andhra Pradesh
- Pilgrimage and nature walks at Mahendragiri in Odisha
- Eco-tourism and camping near Deomali
- Hill station retreats in Yercaud
Visitors are encouraged to respect the natural environment, interact responsibly with local communities, and support sustainable tourism initiatives that benefit tribal populations and conserve wildlife habitats.
The peaks of the Eastern Ghats are not just geographical features they are living landscapes filled with history, culture, and ecological importance. From the rugged cliffs of Arma Konda to the sacred slopes of Mahendragiri, these mountains offer endless opportunities for exploration and reflection. As awareness of their significance grows, efforts to preserve the Eastern Ghats and promote responsible tourism are vital. For travelers seeking serenity, adventure, and a deeper connection with India’s natural heritage, the peaks of the Eastern Ghats stand as timeless guardians of the eastern horizon.