Riding a penny farthing, the iconic high-wheeled bicycle of the late 19th century, is an unforgettable and unique experience that combines balance, bravery, and a bit of historical flair. Known for its towering front wheel and diminutive rear wheel, the penny farthing captured the spirit of the Victorian era’s fascination with progress and invention. For modern enthusiasts and vintage cycling lovers, understanding how to get on a penny farthing safely is both a technical challenge and a window into the past. It requires learning a specific technique and respecting the design quirks of this classic machine.
Understanding the Penny Farthing Design
Why the Large Front Wheel?
The large front wheel of the penny farthing wasn’t just a stylistic choice. It allowed for greater speed and smoother travel over uneven roads. Since the pedals were attached directly to the hub of the front wheel, a larger wheel meant a longer distance could be covered with each rotation.
Structural Features
The frame is typically made of steel and has no chain or gears. The rider sits almost directly above the massive front wheel, while the tiny rear wheel provides minimal support. A small mounting peg is located just above the rear wheel this is key to getting on the penny farthing.
Preparation Before Mounting
Choosing the Right Environment
Before you attempt to mount a penny farthing, it’s essential to find a safe, flat, and open area. A quiet road, a smooth cycling track, or a grassy field is ideal for beginners. Avoid trying it on a steep slope, crowded space, or bumpy path.
Inspecting the Bicycle
Make sure the bicycle is in good condition:
- Check the tire pressure, especially in the large front wheel.
- Ensure the pedals move smoothly and are secure.
- Verify the mounting peg is tightly attached.
- Test the handlebars for stability and responsiveness.
Wearing the Right Gear
Wear comfortable clothing and closed-toe shoes with a firm grip. A helmet is highly recommended, especially for beginners, due to the height involved. Some riders also use gloves to maintain better control over the handlebars.
Step-by-Step: Getting On a Penny Farthing
1. Standing Position
Stand on the left side of the bicycle. Place your left hand on the left handlebar and your right hand on the rear of the saddle. The bicycle should be upright, and you should be standing with your body close to it.
2. Placing Your Foot on the Mounting Peg
Place your left foot on the small mounting peg above the rear wheel. This peg acts as a step and gives you the leverage needed to rise up and reach the saddle.
3. Walking the Bicycle Forward
Push the bike forward while running or walking briskly alongside it. Keep a firm grip on the handlebars and maintain your balance. The momentum from this running start helps stabilize the bike and prepares you to make the mount.
4. Swinging Upward and Onto the Saddle
When you feel you’ve built up enough forward motion, press your weight into the mounting peg and swing your right leg over the saddle. Shift your body forward until you’re sitting squarely on the seat, with both hands gripping the handlebars and both feet on the pedals.
5. Beginning to Pedal
Once seated, start pedaling immediately to maintain your balance and forward motion. Like riding any bike, motion provides stability. Slowing down or hesitating can lead to a wobble or fall, especially due to the height and center of gravity.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
Mounting Without Momentum
Trying to climb on a stationary penny farthing is extremely difficult and often ends in a fall. Always walk the bike forward to generate movement before attempting the mount.
Leaning Too Far Back
It’s easy to lean back once seated, but this can destabilize the bike and cause a backward fall. Keep your posture slightly forward to maintain proper balance.
Gripping Handlebars Too Tightly
A tight grip can make steering jerky. Relax your hands slightly to allow for smoother, more intuitive control of the bicycle.
Tips for Safe Riding
- Always look ahead and scan for obstacles penny farthings have limited maneuverability.
- Practice stopping gradually by backpedaling gently or slowing down well in advance.
- Stay alert to wind conditions, which can affect your balance more than on a modern bike.
- If you need to dismount, lean slightly forward and backpedal slowly until you can step down using the peg.
Dismounting the Penny Farthing
Slowing Down
As you prepare to dismount, stop pedaling and use your legs to brake gradually. You must bring the bike to a walking speed without losing balance.
Returning to the Peg
As the bike slows, slide your body slightly off the saddle, and place your left foot back onto the mounting peg. Hold the handlebars tightly and lean slightly forward.
Stepping Down
When the bike slows to a manageable pace, step down with your right foot while holding the bike steady with your left on the peg. The motion is reversed from mounting and requires calm, controlled movement.
History and Cultural Significance
Origins of the Penny Farthing
The penny farthing emerged in the 1870s and was the first machine to be called a ‘bicycle.’ Invented by British engineer James Starley, it became a symbol of Victorian innovation and style. The name ‘penny farthing’ comes from the British coins the large front wheel resembling a penny and the small rear wheel a farthing.
Symbol of Adventure
Though quickly replaced by the safety bicycle (which had equally sized wheels and a chain), the penny farthing has remained a favorite among vintage bike collectors and historical reenactors. Riding one is seen as both a technical feat and a way to connect with the adventurous spirit of the past.
Getting on a penny farthing may seem daunting at first, but with preparation, practice, and patience, it becomes a rewarding and exhilarating experience. This vintage bicycle offers a glimpse into the past, where innovation met bold design, and riders sought both speed and spectacle. Whether you’re trying it for the first time or becoming a regular enthusiast, learning how to mount, ride, and dismount a penny farthing safely will help you appreciate not only the mechanics but also the heritage of this fascinating machine.